Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: The Evolution of a Goal and Its Eventual Fulfilment

Authors

Andrew Rowan, WellBeing International, Inc.

Abstract

The article reviews the conceptual and institutional evolution of the alternatives-to-animals movement, from its inception and the articulation of the 3Rs framework to the progressive decline in laboratory animal use and rise of nonanimal methods. It argues that contemporary advances in in vitro and in silico technologies now realize the long­sought goal of meaningful replacement in many domains of biomedical research.

Recommended Citation

Rowan, Andrew (2025) "Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: The Evolution of a Goal and Its Eventual Fulfilment," WellBeing News: Vol. 7: Iss. 8, Article 2.
Available at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/wbn/vol7/iss8/2